Marbella, Spain
Passport · rank 6 of 66

🇪🇸 Spain.

Indicative. Verify the current rule with counsel before relying on it.

In short, current to October 2026

  • The Spain passport ranks 6 of 66 on the Patrician.ch mobility table, with visa free or visa on arrival access to 186 destinations.
  • Naturalization in Spain: 10 years, 2 for nationals of Ibero-American countries, Andorra, the Philippines, Equatorial Guinea or Portugal and Sephardic Jews. Dual nationality: Restricted, nationals of Ibero-American countries, Andorra, the Philippines, Equatorial Guinea or Portugal and Sephardic Jews excepted.
  • Investment route into Spain: Golden Visa closed April 2025. Non-lucrative or digital nomad visa.
  • Figures are current to October 2026. Citizenship timelines and investment routes move, and several moved inside the last 24 months. Confirm with counsel before relying on any of them.

Source: the Patrician.ch passport table, part of an original dataset covering 100 residence addresses across 47 countries and territories. Mobility counts, citizenship timelines and investment routes are sourced. Figures current to October 2026. Updated . Cite as: Patrician.ch, Spain passport 2026: visa free or on arrival in 186 places, patrician.ch/passports/es/, October 2026.

Summarize with
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By the Patrician.ch research desk · Updated 29 October 2026 · 6 min read
Mobility score 186 destinations without a prior visa
Rank on the board 6 / 66
Dual nationality Restricted, nationals of Ibero-American countries, Andorra, the Philippines, Equatorial Guinea or Portugal and Sephardic Jews excepted
Taxes citizens abroad No. By statute a Spanish national who moves to a tax haven stays an IRPF taxpayer for that year and the next 4

Years to citizenship.

10 years, 2 for nationals of Ibero-American countries, Andorra, the Philippines, Equatorial Guinea or Portugal and Sephardic Jews

Investment route.

Golden Visa closed April 2025. Non-lucrative or digital nomad visa

Addresses on the board in Spain.

Marbella, Spain🇪🇸 Marbellaeffective tax 45% on $1M · cost 82Ibiza, Spain🇪🇸 Ibizaeffective tax 47% on $1M · cost 105Palma, Spain🇪🇸 Palmaeffective tax 47% on $1M · cost 70Barcelona, Spain🇪🇸 Barcelonaeffective tax 48% on $1M · cost 72Madrid, Spain🇪🇸 Madrideffective tax 43% on $1M · cost 70

Around it in the ranking.

RankPassportMobilityDual
2🇦🇪 UAE188Case by case
2🇰🇷 South Korea188Restricted, some categories
5🇸🇪 Sweden187Yes
6🇳🇴 Norway186Yes, since 2020
6🇧🇪 Belgium186Yes
6🇩🇰 Denmark186Yes, since 2015
6🇫🇮 Finland186Yes
Questions

How strong is the Spain passport?

The Spain passport ranks 6 of 66 on the Patrician.ch table, with visa free or visa on arrival access to 186 destinations.

5 of the 100 addresses on the board sit in Spain: Marbella, Ibiza, Palma, Barcelona, Madrid.

How long does it take to get Spain citizenship?

10 years, 2 for nationals of Ibero-American countries, Andorra, the Philippines, Equatorial Guinea or Portugal and Sephardic Jews.

Citizenship timelines moved in several countries inside the last 24 months. The figure is current to October 2026.

Does Spain allow dual nationality?

Only in some cases. The Spain position on dual nationality: restricted, nationals of Ibero-American countries, Andorra, the Philippines, Equatorial Guinea or Portugal and Sephardic Jews excepted.

Is there a Spain citizenship or residence by investment route?

No. Golden Visa closed April 2025. Non-lucrative or digital nomad visa.

Does Spain tax its citizens living abroad?

No. By statute a Spanish national who moves to a tax haven stays an IRPF taxpayer for that year and the next 4.

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Income tax on the published 2026 rules. Social contributions, most deductions and treaties are not modeled. Figures are for a non-US single filer. Wealth tax, an exit and your passports are added when you run the engine on your own numbers. Not advice. Residence rules change often. Verify before acting.

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